The article deals with some problems of the Russian economy, as well as the issues of public administration. It is argued that the urgency of economic problems is conditioned both by external (unfair competition under sanctions), and internal factors: structural features of the Russian economy, low productivity, deficit of investment resources, weak development of small and medium entrepreneurship, insufficient development of non-primary export, lack of modern technologies and some others. The author comes to the conclusion that the problems of public administration are related to the growing number of functions of federal executive bodies and their extremely inefficient inspections.

The article considers a technique for constructing the point forecast of periodic economic processes by means of harmonic analysis and Excel tools. The technique is based on the construction and use of a time series model for forecasting, including trend, seasonal and cyclic components. Special attention is paid to the choice of the number of levels of the series used to build the model; identifying and assessing the significance of its parameters; study of the quality of the constructed predictive model and the adequacy of its source data with wide use of Excel tools. The process of forecasting is considered by the example of a series of quarterly data on the company’s sales for eight years. The high predictive power of the constructed model for point forecasting is shown both for the considered indicator as a whole, and for seasonal and cyclic fluctuations.

The article shows the factors of spatial location of business entities described in various theories. The results of the analysis of data on spatial distribution of small and medium-sized enterprises in the Republic of Bashkortostan are given. In addition a graphic representation of the distribution of small and medium-sized businesses was examined in terms of its compliance with the provisions of theories on the spatial distribution of small and medium-sized businesses. In conclusion possible options for developing tools for the optimal spatial allocation of business entities are described.

The article considers the problem of increasing the efficiency of enterprise activity in the conditions of implementation of the innovative and investment projects connected with introduction of intellectual capital. Special attention is paid to the types to intellectual capital circulation within the borders of enterprise and to the development of mechanisms and channels of investment of intellectual capital. In conclusion the authors propose the basic elements of the concept allowing to study the main components of the process of management of innovative activity at various levels and to increase the efficiency of intellectual activity of the enterprise.

The article deals with the metallurgical industry of Russia, which is characterized by the following risks: a possible decrease in domestic demand for products, stagnation of the Russian economy, a decrease in income for the main activity, the growth of production costs, strengthening of state regulation. An effective integrated risk management system is studied by the example of a particular enterprise. The authors come to the conclusion that risk management at metallurgical enterprises is important to be carried out using a systematic and process approach, taking into account the specific characteristics of the industry using modern methods of management of production organizations, as well as risk management tools. The risk management system of JSC “NLMK” is recommended for introduction by other enterprises.

The purpose of the study was to determine the impact of information technology on the activities of defense industry. The analysis of the published works on this issue allowed to identify qualitative and quantitative effects, as well as other effects of improving the quality of technological processes and financial indicators of industrial enterprises achieved after the introduction of the means of digital production. The results clarify the concept of information society in terms of digitalization of industrial enterprises and can be used in the automation of high-tech production processes.

The article considers some current problems, threats and opportunities in the domestic aviation industry. It is shown that the aviation industry has essential features which demand the identification of concrete directions in scientific and technical sphere accompanying aviation industry development and it is proved that their identification should be systematic. The complexity and scale of these problems prevent them from being solved or eliminated by means of resources only. It is convincingly proved that the state support is required for optimum adaptation of such high-tech industries as aviation industry to external threats and favorable opportunities.

The article deals with the problems of the education system in the city of Moscow. Using big statistical and analytical data the authors have analyzed the development and current state of the Moscow city education system at different levels up to 2018. In conclusion, the following trends to improve the quality of the Moscow city education system have been suggested: highly qualified staff provision and modern resource base support, quality educational programs and correspondence between educational services and labor market.

The article considers the problem of identification and assessment of the main components of innovative capacity of the domestic enterprise of mechanical engineering. It is shown that the key component necessary for successful work of a modern machine-building enterprise is a high share of an intellectual component. The authors also consider the main methodological approaches to the structural assessment of the level of innovative capacity of a mechanical engineering enterprise. On the basis of the carried-out assessment of the key components which are a part of innovative potential, the authors offer a modified formula of calculation of the expected size of the profit got from hi-tech production sales. At the heart of the modified formula is comprehensive application of intellectual property items, including the elements of the sum of income determination, various licenses and patents obtained by the enterprise from sales.

The article deals with the problem of designing an effective route taking into account capital and operating costs, historical and cultural expertise and environmental pollution. A formula is proposed for estimating the total costs for the construction and operation of gas pipeline sections including compensation payments to the population. At the same time, a fuzzy cost estimating method is used, which allows to present the expected total costs in the form of triangular numbers. It is proposed to calculate the optimal variant of a gas transmission network by using the Schimbel-Otterman method in a fuzzy form. To choose the final solution, it is suggested to use a risk-function of cost estimation. The algorithms of the proposed modifications of these methods are presented and a numerical example is given.

The article considers the relevant problem of conducting a product assortment policy at machine-building enterprises. The authors argue the importance of studying the prospects of enterprise products both traditional and innovative while forming a product assortment policy. Different types of classifications of products of machine-building enterprises and the features of their production and realization are presented. In conclusion, the requirements and conditions for the perspective distribution of specific types of products are provided.

The article presents a complex study of pricing strategy concerning the released products of machine-building enterprises. The authors consider the factors influencing the choice of strategy and give recommendations for price changes and inflationary expectation forecasting taking into account indexation of the cost of all resources of the enterprise. In the conclusion, some basic provisions for the development of rational pricing strategy of the enterprise in the conditions of inflation and the algorithm of analysis of economic price disparities caused by inflation are suggested.